浏览器中已经实现的属性

首先我们来看看浏览器中实现了哪些属性。我们用一段代码来看一下。

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Object.keys(document.body.style).filter(e => !e.match(/^webkit/))

这段代码思路非常简单，就是枚举 document.body.style 上的所有属性，并且去掉 webkit 前缀的私有属性。

在我的 Chrome 中，得到了这样一组属性：

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[
    "accentColor",
    "additiveSymbols",
    "alignContent",
    "alignItems",
    "alignSelf",
    "alignmentBaseline",
    "all",
    "animation",
    "animationComposition",
    "animationDelay",
    "animationDirection",
    "animationDuration",
    "animationFillMode",
    "animationIterationCount",
    "animationName",
    "animationPlayState",
    "animationTimingFunction",
    "appRegion",
    "appearance",
    "ascentOverride",
    "aspectRatio",
    "backdropFilter",
    "backfaceVisibility",
    "background",
    "backgroundAttachment",
    "backgroundBlendMode",
    "backgroundClip",
    "backgroundColor",
    "backgroundImage",
    "backgroundOrigin",
    "backgroundPosition",
    "backgroundPositionX",
    "backgroundPositionY",
    "backgroundRepeat",
    "backgroundRepeatX",
    "backgroundRepeatY",
    "backgroundSize",
    "basePalette",
    "baselineShift",
    "baselineSource",
    "blockSize",
    "border",
    "borderBlock",
    "borderBlockColor",
    "borderBlockEnd",
    "borderBlockEndColor",
    "borderBlockEndStyle",
    "borderBlockEndWidth",
    "borderBlockStart",
    "borderBlockStartColor",
    "borderBlockStartStyle",
    "borderBlockStartWidth",
    "borderBlockStyle",
    "borderBlockWidth",
    "borderBottom",
    "borderBottomColor",
    "borderBottomLeftRadius",
    "borderBottomRightRadius",
    "borderBottomStyle",
    "borderBottomWidth",
    "borderCollapse",
    "borderColor",
    "borderEndEndRadius",
    "borderEndStartRadius",
    "borderImage",
    "borderImageOutset",
    "borderImageRepeat",
    "borderImageSlice",
    "borderImageSource",
    "borderImageWidth",
    "borderInline",
    "borderInlineColor",
    "borderInlineEnd",
    "borderInlineEndColor",
    "borderInlineEndStyle",
    "borderInlineEndWidth",
    "borderInlineStart",
    "borderInlineStartColor",
    "borderInlineStartStyle",
    "borderInlineStartWidth",
    "borderInlineStyle",
    "borderInlineWidth",
    "borderLeft",
    "borderLeftColor",
    "borderLeftStyle",
    "borderLeftWidth",
    "borderRadius",
    "borderRight",
    "borderRightColor",
    "borderRightStyle",
    "borderRightWidth",
    "borderSpacing",
    "borderStartEndRadius",
    "borderStartStartRadius",
    "borderStyle",
    "borderTop",
    "borderTopColor",
    "borderTopLeftRadius",
    "borderTopRightRadius",
    "borderTopStyle",
    "borderTopWidth",
    "borderWidth",
    "bottom",
    "boxShadow",
    "boxSizing",
    "breakAfter",
    "breakBefore",
    "breakInside",
    "bufferedRendering",
    "captionSide",
    "caretColor",
    "clear",
    "clip",
    "clipPath",
    "clipRule",
    "color",
    "colorInterpolation",
    "colorInterpolationFilters",
    "colorRendering",
    "colorScheme",
    "columnCount",
    "columnFill",
    "columnGap",
    "columnRule",
    "columnRuleColor",
    "columnRuleStyle",
    "columnRuleWidth",
    "columnSpan",
    "columnWidth",
    "columns",
    "contain",
    "containIntrinsicBlockSize",
    "containIntrinsicHeight",
    "containIntrinsicInlineSize",
    "containIntrinsicSize",
    "containIntrinsicWidth",
    "container",
    "containerName",
    "containerType",
    "content",
    "contentVisibility",
    "counterIncrement",
    "counterReset",
    "counterSet",
    "cursor",
    "cx",
    "cy",
    "d",
    "descentOverride",
    "direction",
    "display",
    "dominantBaseline",
    "emptyCells",
    "fallback",
    "fill",
    "fillOpacity",
    "fillRule",
    "filter",
    "flex",
    "flexBasis",
    "flexDirection",
    "flexFlow",
    "flexGrow",
    "flexShrink",
    "flexWrap",
    "float",
    "floodColor",
    "floodOpacity",
    "font",
    "fontDisplay",
    "fontFamily",
    "fontFeatureSettings",
    "fontKerning",
    "fontOpticalSizing",
    "fontPalette",
    "fontSize",
    "fontStretch",
    "fontStyle",
    "fontSynthesis",
    "fontSynthesisSmallCaps",
    "fontSynthesisStyle",
    "fontSynthesisWeight",
    "fontVariant",
    "fontVariantAlternates",
    "fontVariantCaps",
    "fontVariantEastAsian",
    "fontVariantLigatures",
    "fontVariantNumeric",
    "fontVariationSettings",
    "fontWeight",
    "forcedColorAdjust",
    "gap",
    "grid",
    "gridArea",
    "gridAutoColumns",
    "gridAutoFlow",
    "gridAutoRows",
    "gridColumn",
    "gridColumnEnd",
    "gridColumnGap",
    "gridColumnStart",
    "gridGap",
    "gridRow",
    "gridRowEnd",
    "gridRowGap",
    "gridRowStart",
    "gridTemplate",
    "gridTemplateAreas",
    "gridTemplateColumns",
    "gridTemplateRows",
    "height",
    "hyphenateCharacter",
    "hyphenateLimitChars",
    "hyphens",
    "imageOrientation",
    "imageRendering",
    "inherits",
    "initialLetter",
    "initialValue",
    "inlineSize",
    "inset",
    "insetBlock",
    "insetBlockEnd",
    "insetBlockStart",
    "insetInline",
    "insetInlineEnd",
    "insetInlineStart",
    "isolation",
    "justifyContent",
    "justifyItems",
    "justifySelf",
    "left",
    "letterSpacing",
    "lightingColor",
    "lineBreak",
    "lineGapOverride",
    "lineHeight",
    "listStyle",
    "listStyleImage",
    "listStylePosition",
    "listStyleType",
    "margin",
    "marginBlock",
    "marginBlockEnd",
    "marginBlockStart",
    "marginBottom",
    "marginInline",
    "marginInlineEnd",
    "marginInlineStart",
    "marginLeft",
    "marginRight",
    "marginTop",
    "marker",
    "markerEnd",
    "markerMid",
    "markerStart",
    "mask",
    "maskType",
    "mathDepth",
    "mathShift",
    "mathStyle",
    "maxBlockSize",
    "maxHeight",
    "maxInlineSize",
    "maxWidth",
    "minBlockSize",
    "minHeight",
    "minInlineSize",
    "minWidth",
    "mixBlendMode",
    "negative",
    "objectFit",
    "objectPosition",
    "objectViewBox",
    "offset",
    "offsetDistance",
    "offsetPath",
    "offsetRotate",
    "opacity",
    "order",
    "orphans",
    "outline",
    "outlineColor",
    "outlineOffset",
    "outlineStyle",
    "outlineWidth",
    "overflow",
    "overflowAnchor",
    "overflowClipMargin",
    "overflowWrap",
    "overflowX",
    "overflowY",
    "overrideColors",
    "overscrollBehavior",
    "overscrollBehaviorBlock",
    "overscrollBehaviorInline",
    "overscrollBehaviorX",
    "overscrollBehaviorY",
    "pad",
    "padding",
    "paddingBlock",
    "paddingBlockEnd",
    "paddingBlockStart",
    "paddingBottom",
    "paddingInline",
    "paddingInlineEnd",
    "paddingInlineStart",
    "paddingLeft",
    "paddingRight",
    "paddingTop",
    "page",
    "pageBreakAfter",
    "pageBreakBefore",
    "pageBreakInside",
    "pageOrientation",
    "paintOrder",
    "perspective",
    "perspectiveOrigin",
    "placeContent",
    "placeItems",
    "placeSelf",
    "pointerEvents",
    "position",
    "prefix",
    "quotes",
    "r",
    "range",
    "resize",
    "right",
    "rotate",
    "rowGap",
    "rubyPosition",
    "rx",
    "ry",
    "scale",
    "scrollBehavior",
    "scrollMargin",
    "scrollMarginBlock",
    "scrollMarginBlockEnd",
    "scrollMarginBlockStart",
    "scrollMarginBottom",
    "scrollMarginInline",
    "scrollMarginInlineEnd",
    "scrollMarginInlineStart",
    "scrollMarginLeft",
    "scrollMarginRight",
    "scrollMarginTop",
    "scrollPadding",
    "scrollPaddingBlock",
    "scrollPaddingBlockEnd",
    "scrollPaddingBlockStart",
    "scrollPaddingBottom",
    "scrollPaddingInline",
    "scrollPaddingInlineEnd",
    "scrollPaddingInlineStart",
    "scrollPaddingLeft",
    "scrollPaddingRight",
    "scrollPaddingTop",
    "scrollSnapAlign",
    "scrollSnapStop",
    "scrollSnapType",
    "scrollbarGutter",
    "shapeImageThreshold",
    "shapeMargin",
    "shapeOutside",
    "shapeRendering",
    "size",
    "sizeAdjust",
    "speak",
    "speakAs",
    "src",
    "stopColor",
    "stopOpacity",
    "stroke",
    "strokeDasharray",
    "strokeDashoffset",
    "strokeLinecap",
    "strokeLinejoin",
    "strokeMiterlimit",
    "strokeOpacity",
    "strokeWidth",
    "suffix",
    "symbols",
    "syntax",
    "system",
    "tabSize",
    "tableLayout",
    "textAlign",
    "textAlignLast",
    "textAnchor",
    "textCombineUpright",
    "textDecoration",
    "textDecorationColor",
    "textDecorationLine",
    "textDecorationSkipInk",
    "textDecorationStyle",
    "textDecorationThickness",
    "textEmphasis",
    "textEmphasisColor",
    "textEmphasisPosition",
    "textEmphasisStyle",
    "textIndent",
    "textOrientation",
    "textOverflow",
    "textRendering",
    "textShadow",
    "textSizeAdjust",
    "textTransform",
    "textUnderlineOffset",
    "textUnderlinePosition",
    "top",
    "touchAction",
    "transform",
    "transformBox",
    "transformOrigin",
    "transformStyle",
    "transition",
    "transitionDelay",
    "transitionDuration",
    "transitionProperty",
    "transitionTimingFunction",
    "translate",
    "unicodeBidi",
    "unicodeRange",
    "userSelect",
    "vectorEffect",
    "verticalAlign",
    "viewTransitionName",
    "visibility",
    "whiteSpace",
    "widows",
    "width",
    "willChange",
    "wordBreak",
    "wordSpacing",
    "wordWrap",
    "writingMode",
    "x",
    "y",
    "zIndex",
    "zoom"
]

数了一下，这里有 441 个属性(随着升级会越来越多)，这非常壮观了，要想了解它们可不是一件容易的事情。接下来我们试着找到它们背后对应的标准。

小实验：找出 W3C 标准中的 CSS 属性

我们知道 CSS2.1 是一份标准，但是 CSS3 分布在无数标准中，我们需要用代码把它们整理出来，这就是我们今天的小实验内容了。

为了达到我们的目的，我们需要写一个简单的爬虫，来找一找 W3C 标准中都覆盖了哪些属性。

我们这个爬虫的思路是：用 iframe 来加载所有标准的网页，然后用 JavaScript 找出它们中间定义的属性。

第一步：找到 CSS 相关的标准。

我们来到 W3C 的 TR 页面：https://www.w3.org/TR/?tag=css

我们必须从这个页面里抓取所有的标准名称和链接，打开它的代码，我们会发现它是有规律的，这个页面由一个巨大的列表构成，我们只需要根据 tag 选取需要的标准即可。

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document.querySelectorAll("#container li[data-tag~=css] h2:not(.Retired):not(.GroupNote)")

这段代码可以找到所有 CSS 相关的标准，我们用代码把从 HTML 结构中把它们抽取出来。可以得到一个列表。

第二步：分析每个标准中的 CSS 属性

得到了这个标准的列表，下一步我们就是分析每个标准中的 CSS 属性。

我们打开第一个标准，试着找出属性定义：https://www.w3.org/TR/2019/WD-css-lists-3-20190425/

经过分析，我们会发现，属性总是在一个具有 propdef 的容器中，有属性 data-dfn-type 值为 property。

这里我不得不感慨，W3C 的标准写得真的是十分严谨，这给我们带来了很大的方便。我们用以下代码获取属性：

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document.querySelectorAll(".propdef [data-dfn-type=property]")

对于第一个标准 CSS Lists Module Level 3 得到了这个列表：

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list-style-image
list-style-type
list-style-position
list-style
marker-side
counter-reset
counter-set
counter-increment

好了，接下来，我们来用 iframe 打开这些标准，并且用我们分析好的规则，来找出里面的属性就可以了。最终成品代码如下：

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var iframe = document.createElement("iframe");

document.body.appendChild(iframe);

iframe.src = "https://www.w3.org/TR/2019/WD-css-lists-3-20190425/"

function happen(element, type){
  return new Promise(resolve => {
    element.addEventListener(type, resolve, {once: true})
  })
}

happen(iframe, "load").then(function(){
  //Array.prototype.map.call(document.querySelectorAll("#container li[data-tag~=css] h2"), e=> e.children[0].href + " |\t" + e.children[0].textContent).join("\n")
  console.log(iframe.contentWindow);
})
async function start(){
  var output = []
  for(let standard of  Array.prototype.slice.call(document.querySelectorAll("#container li[data-tag~=css] h2:not(.Retired):not(.GroupNote)"))) {
    console.log(standard.children[0].href);
    iframe.src = standard.children[0].href;
    await happen(iframe, "load");
    var properties = Array.prototype.map.call(iframe.contentWindow.document.querySelectorAll(".propdef [data-dfn-type=property]"), e => e.childNodes[0].textContent);
    if(properties.length)
        output.push(standard.children[0].textContent + " | " + properties.join(", "));
  }
  console.log(output.join("\n"))
}
start();

这样，我们就得到了每个属性属于哪个标准，我们来看看最终结果。我把它整理成了一个列表。

至此，我们已经找出了标准中讲解的所有属性。